Dados do Trabalho

Título

prostate cancer: an incidence analysis

Resumo

The malignant neoplasm of the prostate is the most common type of cancer among the male population, representing 29% of the disease diagnoses in the country. According to the National Cancer Institute, 65,840 new cases of prostate cancer occur each year between 2020 and 2022. Worldwide, it is estimated that 1,414,259 people were diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2020. It is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world. This work aims to analyze the epidemiological profile of prostate cancer mortality in Brazil and the changes generated by the COVID-19 pandemic in this profile. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with secondary data obtained from the DATASUS database. The collected data were stratified by age range, region, race, and education, and were then cross-referenced with population estimates for the calculation of mortality rates. Throughout the period, absolute mortality prevailed among those aged 80 years or older, with an average of 6,736 annual deaths. The mortality rate in this age range was also the highest, ranging from 425.8 to 457.9 cases per 100,000 men. However, it is important to note that there was a cumulative decrease of 7% in the period. When only the period from 2019 to 2020 was evaluated, the only age ranges that showed an increase in mortality were 30-39 and 40-49 years, with an increase of 74.2% among the younger ones. With regard to race, blacks had the highest mortality rate in the period, reaching 18.4 cases per 100,000 men in 2020. However, an important fact that should be highlighted is that only among blacks did a significant increase in this rate occur, which increased by 13% only in the last year. With regard to education, in 2020, deaths among those with 1 to 3 years of study predominated. When comparing the regions, the South had the highest mortality rate in all the years analyzed, ranging from 17 to 18.1 cases per 100,000 men. The regions with the lowest rates was the North (9-10.1). Only the South and Northeast regions had increases in mortality in the last year, representing an increase in inequality in the distribution of cases, given that these are the regions with the highest mortality rates. Given what has been exposed, it is possible to notice that the COVID-19 pandemic changed the epidemiological profile of deaths from prostate neoplasm, contributing to the exacerbation of the already present social inequality and access to health in Brazil.