Dados do Trabalho

Título

Don’t Forget the Atlantoaxial Joint: From Anatomy to Pathological Findings

Introdução

The atlantoaxial joint is a complex joint that has anatomical variations and can be affected by traumatic and non-traumatic injuries.
In this presentation, we will discuss the interpretation of these exams, encompassing anatomy, embryology, craniometry, traumatic and non-traumatic injuries. Understanding these aspects is of paramount importance in the routine evaluation of radiologists, to correctly interpret pathological findings.
We hope that this review of the anatomy and the most common cases may have contributed to help in the correct diagnosis and predict the patient's morbidity.

Descrição

The purpose of this presentation is (1) to review developmental embryology, anatomy, biomechanics, measurement of the atlantoaxial interval in the adult and pediatric population and its main anatomical variations that can simulate solutions; (2) to review imaging protocols for their evaluation according to clinical suspicion; (3) to discuss the main traumatic and non-traumatic injuries that can affect the joint, correlating their findings with imaging methods.
In this presentation we will discuss the following topics: anatomy and variant anatomy; measurements; ossification nucleus; MRI protocols; hangman’s fracture; Jefferson fracture; odontoid process fracture; ligament injury; atlantoaxial subluxation; rheumatoid arthritis; calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease (CPPD); fusion failure and atlanto-occipital assimilation.

Palavras Chave

atlantoaxial; anatomy; measurement; ligament; trauma; fracture; subluxation; rheumatoid arthritis.